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Shuʿba bin al-Ḥajjāj bin al-Ward, Abū Bisṭām al-ʿAtakī (Arabic: شُعْبَة بِن الحَجَّاْج بِن الْوَرْد أَبُو بُسطام الْعَتَكِي) (c. 85–160/704-776 AH/CE) was an early, devote Muslim, who was known for both his knowledge of poetry and of ḥadīth. His scrupulousness in ḥadīth transmission, alongside other scholars such as Sufyān al-Thawrī, is understood to have laid the foundation for the concretization of ḥadīth sciences. ==Biography== Shuʿba bin al-Ḥajjāj was born with a speech impediment (''althagh'') sometime between the years 80-86 AH, though likely 85, in Wāsiṭ, a historical city located on the west bank of the Tigris River in central ʿIrāq. He then moved to Baṣra as a child, where lived, studied, and later died in 160/776 AH/CE due to plague. Another famous scholar and ḥadīth transmitter, Sufyān al-Thawrī, called Shuʿba “commander of the faithful concerning ḥadīth” (''amīr al-mu’minīn fī al-ḥadīth''), but Shuʿba himself is quoted by Ibn Qutayba al-Dīnawarī as saying “By God, truly in poetry I am more sound than in ḥadīth.” He was instrumental in transmitting ḥadīth, and is understood to be one of the first individuals mentioned as a zāhid amongst the early ḥadīth transmitters. Although Abū Ḥanīfa and ʿAbd Allāh bin Ṣāliḥ al-ʿAjlī al-Kūfī levelled critiques against his transmissions.〔ʿAbd Allāh bin Ṣāliḥ al-ʿAjlī al-Kūfī, Maʿrifa al-Thiqāt al-Rijāl Ahl al-ʿIlm wa al-Ḥadīth, v. 1, 456.〕〔Brill, Encyclopaedia of Islam, S̲h̲uʿba b. al- Ḥad̲j̲d̲j̲ād̲j̲〕 It is mentioned in al-Dhahabi’s Tārīkh al-Islām that Shuʿba studied ''masāʿil'' (juridical affairs) under both Anas Ibn Mālik and Ḥasan al-Baṣrī, but not much is known of his juridical endeavors. However, his appearance in the ḥadīth transmitted by individuals such as Sufyan al-Thawri and al-Bukhari show the prominent place he held in the early circles of ḥadīth transmitters and other scholars. Furthermore, there are many reports that mention the devotion of Shuʿba, including: helping the poor, avoiding ostentatious displays of knowledge and wealth, and participating in renunciatory acts.〔Abu al-Faraj al-Jawzī, Al-Muntaẓim fi Tārīkh al-Mulūk wa al-Umam, v. 8, 243-5.〕 ==References== * * * * 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Shu'ba Ibn al-Ḥajjāj」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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